U.S. Foreign Aid to Egypt (1948-Present)

Since FY2012, Congress has passed appropriations legislation that withholds the obligation of FMF to Egypt until the Secretary of State certifies that Egypt is taking various steps toward supporting democracy and human rights. With the exception of FY2014, lawmakers have included a national security waiver to allow the Administration to waive these congressionally mandated certification requirements under certain conditions.

In 2022, the Biden administration announced it would withhold $130 million (10 percent) of the military aid allotted to Egypt due to human rights concerns. The announcement came after the administration approved the potential sale of air defense radars and C-130 Super Hercules planes to Egypt for a combined value of more than $2.5 billion.

In 2023, the administration notified Congress that it would withhold $85 million in aid conditioned on the release of political prisoners.

(In $USD Millions)

Year	Economic	Military	IMET	INCLE	NADR	Total
1948-1997	23,288.6	22,353.5	27.3			45,669.4
1998	815.0	1,300.0	1.0			2,116.0
1999	775.0	1,300.0	1.0			2,076.0
2000	727.3	1,300.0	1.0			2,028.3
2001	695.0	1,300.0	1.0			1,996.0
2002	655.0	1,300.0	1.0			1,956.0
2003	911.0	1,300.0	1.2			2,212.2
2004	571.6	1,292.3	1.4			1865.3
2005	530.7	1,289.6	1.2			1,821.5
2006	495.0	1,300.0	1.2			1,796.2
2010	250.0	1,300.0	1.9			1,551.9
2011	249.5	1,297.4	1.3			1,548.2
2012	250.0	1,300.0	1.4			1,551.4
2013	241.0	1,234.3	.47			1,475.77
2014	200.0	1,300.0				1,500.0
2015	150.0	1,300.0	1.7			1,451.7
2016	150.0	1,300.0	1.8			1,451.8
2017	112.50	1,234.30	1.74	2.00	3.00	1,353.54
2018	106.87	1,300.00	1.80	2.00	3.00	1,413.67
2019	112.50	1,300.00	1.80	2.00	3.00	1,419.30
2020	125.00	1,300.00		2.00	3.50	1,430.50
2021	125.00	1,300.00	1.80	0.35	3.00	1,430.15
2022 (Req)	125.00	1,300.00	1.80		3.50	1,430.30
Total	31,661.57	50,801.40	54.81	8.35	19.00	82,545.13

Economic Support Fund (ESF), Foreign Military Financing (FMF), International Military Education and Training (IMET), International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE), and Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR).

Sources: Jeremy M. Sharp, “Egypt: Background and U.S. Relations,” Congressional Research Service, (September 30, 2021).
Humeyra Pamuk and Simon Lewis, and Patricia Zengerle, “Biden administration set to deny $130 mln in military aid to Egypt, U.S. officials say,” Reuters, (January 29, 2022).
Vivian Salama, “U.S. to Shift Millions in Military Aid From Egypt to Taiwan,” Wall Street Journal, (September 13, 2023).