Kamala Harris

Kamala Harris* was born on October 20, 1964, in Oakland, California, to a Tamil Indian mother and a Jamaican father. Harris’s parents divorced when she was seven, and her mother was granted custody of the children. After the divorce, when Harris was 12, her mother moved with the children to Montreal, Québec, Canada.

After graduating from Westmount High School in Westmount, Quebec, in 1981, Harris attended Howard University in Washington, D.C., where she majored in political science and economics.

Harris returned to California, earning her Juris Doctor from the University of California, Hastings College of the Law, in 1989 and began her career in the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office.

In 2003, Harris became the City and County of San Francisco District Attorney. After serving for two terms, she was elected as the first African-American and first woman to serve as California’s Attorney General in 2010 and re-elected in 2014.

In 2017, Harris was sworn in as a United States Senator for California, the second African-American woman and first South Asian-American senator in history. She served on the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the Select Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on the Budget. Harris co-sponsored a bipartisan resolution condemning hate and anti-Semitism and resolutions condemning the 2018 shooting at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh and the 2019 shooting at the Chabad of Poway.

Harris sought the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination and appeared to be a legitimate contender. Her campaign, however, was seen as a disaster. NBC’s Peter Nicholas and Katherine Doyle noted that she “lacked money, a message, and a cohesive campaign operation, and she withdrew from the race before the primaries.

Following the murder of George Floyd and ensuing protests and demonstrations in May 2020, Joe Biden was pressured to select a black woman to be his running mate. On August 11, 2020, Biden announced that he had chosen Harris as his vice-presidential nominee. Their ticket went on to defeat Donald Trump and Mike Pence in the 2020 election. Following her election as Vice President, Harris resigned from her Senate seat on January 18, 2021. Harris and Biden were inaugurated on January 20, 2021. 

Biden Passes the Torch

After Biden shockingly withdrew from the 2024 presidential election on July 21, 2024, he endorsed Harris as his successor. She immediately launched her campaign for president, though it was unclear if she would be challenged for the nomination. Given the short time before the Democratic National Convention and the election, she was seen by many as having the best chance of winning in November. She had the advantage of inheriting Biden’s campaign operation and access to much of his campaign funds, though she would be at a great disadvantage financially to Trump at the outset because of the amount of money the Biden campaign had already spent. 

Some Democrats questioned her viability as a candidate and objected to her being anointed as the nominee without going through a primary process. Questions were also raised about her ability to win. During her time in office, Harris has had one of the lowest approval ratings of any vice president. She has also been criticized for her management style and experienced a high degree of staff turnover, including several of her most senior advisers. Republicans were already geared up to run a campaign against her, tying her to Biden’s unpopular programs, particularly her role in addressing the border immigration crisis, painting her as a far-left radical, and questioning why she had not spoken up about the president’s apparent physical and mental deterioration.

No one immediately challenged her, and many Democrats feared the party, which had already been riven by dissension over Biden’s reluctance to exit the race, would fracture if Harris was denied the nomination. Some argued she was logically next in line, thought that was only true if Biden had resigned, and were more worried that Blacks, women, and progressives would revolt if she was passed over.

If nominated and elected, Harris would become the first female and first Asian-American president of the United States and the second Black president after Barack Obama.

Harris met her Jewish husband, Douglas Emhoff, on a blind date in San Francisco. They married in 2014 and have two children, Ella and Cole. The couple placed mezuzahs on the doorposts of the vice president’s residence, and they hosted a Passover Seder and celebrated Chanukah there.

Harris and Israel

In a profile of Harris, journalist Ron Kampeas described her as “more AIPAC than J Street.” Dan Perry wrote in the Forward that Harris “should get credit for the administration’s pro-Israel policies, but she seems distinctly cooler to Israel than Biden and is generally understood to be closer to the progressive camp’s views on the Middle East.”

Harris has been to Israel on more than one occasion. In 2017, she shared a Shabbat dinner with a group of Israeli activists, met with Benjamin Netanyahu, and visited the Western Wall, Yad Vashem, the Supreme Court, and Al-Quds University. “Having grown up in the Bay Area, I fondly remember those Jewish National Fund boxes that we would use to collect donations to plant trees for Israel,” she said in a speech to AIPAC. “Years later, when I visited Israel for the first time, I saw the fruits of that effort and the Israeli ingenuity that has truly made a desert bloom.”

“I soaked in the sights and sounds and smells of Jerusalem,” she added. “I stood in Yad Vashem, devastated by the silent testimonies of the 6 million Jews that were murdered in the Holocaust, and we must always remember that solemn promise. Never again.”

Meeting Netanyahu

Unlike Biden, who has a 50-year relationship with Netanyahu, Harris has only gotten to know him by participating in calls between the president and prime minister and the administration’s testy interactions. On July 25, 2024,  Harris met with Netanyahu for 40 minutes the day after his speech to Congress. She had generated some criticism from the pro-Israel community for deciding to attend a pre-planned campaign event rather than preside over the Congress as she normally would for a speech by a world leader. 

“From when I was a young girl, collecting funds to plant trees for Israel, to my time in the United States Senate and now at the White House, I’ve had an unwavering commitment to the existence of the state of Israel, to its security and to the people of Israel,” Harris said after the meeting. “I’ve said it many times, but it bears repeating. Israel has a right to defend itself, and how it does so matters.”

“Hamas is a brutal terrorist organization. On Oct. 7, Hamas triggered this war when it massacred 1,200 innocent people, including 44 Americans. Hamas has committed horrific acts of sexual violence and took 250 hostages. There are American citizens who remain captive in Gaza,” said Harris.

Regarding the American hostages, whose families she had met several times, Harris said, “I’ve told them each time: They are not alone, and I stand with them, and President Biden and I are working every day to bring them home.”

She reiterated U.S. support for Israel but seemed to put greater emphasis on Palestinian suffering and the need to end the war immediately. “I just told Prime Minister Netanyahu it is time to get this deal done,” she said. “It is time for this war to end and end in a way where Israel is secure, all the hostages are released, the suffering of Palestinians in Gaza ends and the Palestinian people can exercise their right to freedom, dignity and self determination,”

“I also expressed with the prime minister my serious concern about the scale of human suffering in Gaza, including the death of far too many innocent civilians,” Harris said. “And I made clear my serious concern about the dire humanitarian situation there with over 2 million people facing high levels of food insecurity and half a million people facing catastrophic levels of acute food insecurity. What has happened in Gaza over the past nine months is devastating. The images of dead children and desperate hungry people fleeing for safety, sometimes displaced for the second, third or fourth time.” She added, “We cannot look away in the face of these tragedies. We cannot allow ourselves to become numb to the suffering and I will not be silent.”

“To everyone who has been calling for a cease-fire, and to everyone who yearns for peace: I see you and I hear you. Let’s get the deal done, so we can get a cease-fire to end the war. Let’s bring the hostages home. And let’s provide much needed relief to the Palestinian people,” Harris said. 

Repeating another administration talking point, the Vice President said, “A two-state solution is the only path that ensures Israel remains a secure, Jewish and democratic state, and one that ensures Palestinians can finally realize the freedom, security and prosperity that they rightly deserve.”

In a remark that many found confusing, Harris said, “too often the conversation is binary when the reality is anything but, so I asked my fellow Americans to help encourage efforts to acknowledge the complexity, the nuance, and the history of the region,” she said. “Let us all condemn terrorism and violence. Let us all do what we can to prevent the suffering of innocent civilians. And let us condemn antisemitism, Islamophobia and hate of any kind.”

Separately, Harris spoke out against anti-Israel protesters who burned American flags, replaced others with Palestinian flags, and vandalized a statue with pro-Hamas graffiti, calling these “despicable acts by unpatriotic protesters.” She said, “I condemn any individuals associating with the brutal terrorist organization Hamas, which has vowed to annihilate the State of Israel and kill Jews. Pro-Hamas graffiti and rhetoric is abhorrent and we must not tolerate it in our nation.”

Harris for President

Israel

• “Listen, I strongly believe that our ability to evaluate a situation is connected to understanding the details of that situation. Not speaking of myself versus the president, not at all. From the beginning, I asked questions. OK, the trucks are taking flour into Gaza. But here’s the thing, Joan: I like to cook. So I said to my team: You can’t make shit with flour if you don’t have clean water. So what’s going on with that? I ask questions like, What are people actually eating right now? I’m hearing stories about their eating animal feed, grass… so that’s how I think about it.
  
  “Similarly, I was asking early on, what are women in Gaza doing about sanitary hygiene. Do they have pads? And these are the issues that made people feel uncomfortable, especially sanitary pads.”
  
  “They [campus protesters] are showing exactly what the human emotion should be, as a response to Gaza. There are things some of the protesters are saying that I absolutely reject, so I don’t mean to wholesale endorse their points. But we have to navigate it. I understand the emotion behind it.” (The Nation, July 8, 2024)

Biden-Harris

• “Joe has made it clear he will not tie security assistance to any political decisions that Israel makes and I couldn’t agree more. The Biden Harris administration will sustain our unbreakable commitment to Israel’s security, including the unprecedented military and intelligence cooperation pioneered during the Obama-Biden administration and the guarantee that Israel will always maintain its qualitative military edge.”
  
  “Our administration will hold Iran’s government accountable and rejoin a diplomatic agreement if Iran comes back into compliance and we will work with our allies, of course, to strengthen and extend the Iran deal and push back against Iran’s other destabilizing actions.” (JTA, August 26, 2020)

Israel

• “These testimonies, I fear, will only increase as more hostages are released. We cannot look away and we will not be silent. My heart breaks for all these survivors and their families, and for all the pain and suffering from the past eight months in Israel and Gaza.” (Jewish Insider, June 18, 2024)

• “On Oct. 7, 1,200 people were slaughtered, many of them young people attending a concert. Think Burning Man. Women were horribly raped. I’ve seen this in different places around the world, rape being used as a tool of war. Let’s understand that Israel, when that happened, has and had a right to defend itself. We would. And let’s understand that how it does so matters.”

  “There are many truths that exist at the same time. Far too many innocent Palestinian civilians have been killed. We are looking at famine conditions. Aid must get in. And hostages must be freed. And we need a two-state solution. And we need to have a cease-fire to get to a place where we can start building toward a two-state solution. And Palestinians are entitled to security and dignity and self-determination. And Israelis are entitled to security and safety. And we must fight what we have seen as a rise of antisemitism around the world. And we must fight Islamophobia. And people are living in fear.” (Rolling Stone, June 11, 2024)

• President Biden and I met with our national security team following Iran’s attacks against Israel. Our support for Israel’s security is ironclad, and we stand with the people of Israel in defense against these attacks. (@VP, April 13, 2024)

• “Given the immense scale of suffering in Gaza, there must be an immediate ceasefire for at least the next six weeks...This will get the hostages out and get a significant amount of aid in...The Israeli government must do more to significantly increase the flow of aid. No excuses.”
  
  “People in Gaza are starving. The conditions are inhumane and our common humanity compels us to act.”
  
  “Too many innocent Palestinians have been killed....Our hearts break for the victims of that horrific tragedy.”
  
  “Hamas needs to agree to that deal...Let’s get a ceasefire. Let’s reunite the hostages with their families. And let’s provide immediate relief to the people of Gaza.” (Al Jazeera, March 4, 2024)

• “What we are seeing every day in Gaza is devastating, and our common humanity compels us to act. Given the immense scale of suffering in Gaza, there must be an immediate ceasefire for at least the next six weeks. We are not going to create any conditions on the support that we are giving Israel to defend itself.” (@KamalaHarris, March 3, 2024)

• “We are going to continue to stand with Israel’s right to defend itself and, let’s be clear and never forget what happened on Oct. 7, where hundreds, thousands, 1400, innocent people were killed, slaughtered. Young people who were simply attending a concert.” (Reuters. November 2, 2023).

• “Doug’s and my prayers are with the victims of the heinous terrorist attacks in Israel. @POTUS and my support for Israel’s security is unwavering.” (@VP, (October 7, 2023)

• “The latest barrage of rocket attacks from Gaza on innocent Israelis cannot be tolerated–Israel has the right to defend itself from these horrific attacks. I join others in urging against further escalation.” (JewishInsider, November 15, 2019)

• Axios asked candidates if they would move the U.S. embassy back to Tel Aviv. Harris did not respond. (Axios, July 14, 2019)

• “The terms of any agreement between the Israelis and Palestinians cannot be imposed by others in the world. The U.S. and our allies in Europe and the Arab world can and should help facilitate an agreement to create peace and bring both parties to the table, but the Israelis and Palestinians themselves must negotiate and approve the terms of any peace agreement. Lasting peace can only be found through bilateral negotiations that protect Israel’s identity, ensure security for all people and include the recognition of Israel’s right to exist as a Jewish state.” (Jerusalem Post, July 12, 2019)

• Asked by the New York Times, “Do you think Israel meets international standards of human rights?” Harris responded, “I think Israel as a country is dedicated to being a democracy and is one of our closest friends in that region, and that we should understand the shared values and priorities that we have as a democracy, and conduct foreign policy in a way that is consistent with understanding the alignment between the American people and the people of Israel.” 
  
  On whether Israel meets the human rights standards: “Overall, yes.” (New York Times, June 19, 2019)

• “As a member of both the Senate Intelligence Committee and the Senate Homeland Security Committee, I am deeply involved in insuring the American Israeli relationship remains strong. And I am proud to stand strongly with America’s most important allies. So let me be clear about what I believe. Israel is a critical friend and ally to the United States. I stand with Israel both because of our shared values, which are so fundamental to the founding of both our nations, and I believe the bonds between the people of the United States and the people of Israel are unbreakable and we can never let anyone drive a wedge between us.
  
  And I believe, Israel should never be a partisan issue. I will do everything in my power to insure broad and bipartisan support for Israel’s security and right to self-defense. That is why I strongly support America’s security assistance to Israel and I am committed to strengthen the American Israeli security and defense relationship.
  
  I believe that the only viable resolution to the Israeli Palestinian conflict and the only way Israel can remain a Jewish and democratic state is two states for two peoples living side by side. Palestinians should be able to govern themselves in their own state in peace and dignity just as Israelis deserve a secure homeland for the Jewish people. I believe that a resolution to this conflict cannot be imposed by outside parties. It must be agreed upon by the parties themselves. Both sides will have to make difficult decisions. Peace can only come through a reconciliation of differences, and that can only happen at the negotiating table.
  
  I believe that when any organization delegitimizes Israel, we must stand up and speak out against it. Israel must be treated equally, and that is why the first resolution I cosponsored as a United States senator was to combat anti-Israeli bias at the United Nations and affirm and reaffirm that the United States seeks a just, secure and sustainable two-state solution.” (Comments to American Jewish Committee, June 3, 2019)

• “Her support for Israel is central to who she is,” Harris’ campaign communications director, Lily Adams, told McClatchy... Adams said that the California senator has no plans to stray from the positions she has laid out on Israel since being elected to the Senate. “She’ll continue to support the U.S.-Israel alliance and peace through a two-state solution as a senator, as a candidate, and as president. For the senator, Israel should not be a partisan issue,” Adams said. She also opposes cutting foreign aid to Israel.
  
  Harris “believes taking unilateral action to annex the West Bank would be a mistake and would jeopardize the peace process,” according to Adams.
  
  “She’ll continue to support the U.S.-Israel alliance and peace through a two-state solution as a senator, as a candidate, and as president. For the senator, Israel should not be a partisan issue,” Adams said. (McClatchy, April 16, 2019)
   
• In an off-the-record discussion with members of AIPAC, she said: “The vast majority of people understand the importance of the State of Israel. Both in terms of its history and its present in terms of being a source of inspiration on so many issues, which I hope we will talk about, and also what it means in terms of the values of the United States and those values that are shared values with Israel, and the importance of fighting to make sure that we protect and respect a friend, one of the best friends we could possibly have. And I do believe, walking the halls of the United States Senate these last several months, that this is a shared value,” she added. “I do believe this is one of the issues that is more obviously not even a bipartisan issue but a nonpartisan issue.” (Huffpost, February 24, 2019)
   
• Harris has described Israel as being a “beautiful home to democracy and justice.” (Arab America, January30, 2019)
   
• “I believe that a resolution to this conflict cannot be imposed,” she said. “It must be agreed upon by the parties themselves.” (JTA, January 11, 2019)
   
• Harris co-sponsored a Senate resolution in 2017 criticizing President Obama’s refusal to veto a U.S. Security Council resolution condemning Israel’s settlement policies. (JTA, January 11, 2019)
   
• In June 2017, she joined in the unanimous vote for a resolution marking the 50th anniversary of the reunification of Jerusalem during the 1967 Six Day War. The resolution called on President Donald Trump to “abide by” the 1995 law calling for the U.S. Embassy to be moved from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. It also said, “Jerusalem should remain the undivided capital of Israel in which the rights of every ethnic and religious group are protected.” Further, it advocated a two-state solution based on direct negotiations between Israelis and Palestinian Arabs. (Arutz Sheva, June 6, 2017)
   
• Harris insists that lasting peace can only take place if the Palestinians not only uphold their recognition and security guarantees to Israel but explicitly recognize Israel as “Jewish state.” (Arab America, January 30, 2019)
   
• She believes “Israel is America’s friend and we should support Israel,” adding that she also believes “very strongly in a two-state solution and the need for doing everything we can to encourage that the leaders in that region move toward that end.”
   
• “Senator Harris strongly supports security assistance to strengthen Israel’s ability to defend itself. She has traveled to Israel where she saw the importance of U.S.-Israeli security cooperation firsthand. (JTA, February 7, 2019)

Interview with John Favreau:

Iran

• The Iran nuclear agreement, back when it was reached, you know some people wanted it, some people didn’t, but no one could deny that a lot of work went into it. And it was a solution, imperfect though it may be, and it involved many partners not just the United States and Iran. So, our friends around the globe also agreed to the terms, and there was compliance with the terms of the agreement…Donald Trump unilaterally pulled us out. And from my perspective, everything that we have seen happen since was predictable. So, yes, when elected with your help….We will re-enter the agreement, but, also, I will want to strengthen it, and that will mean extending the sunset provisions, including ballistic missile testing and also increasing oversight (Democratic Majority for Israel, October 8, 2019)

• Spokesperson: “Senator Harris has said keeping the American people safe is her top priority and that Iran cannot be allowed to develop a nuclear weapon. The president’s actions increase the likelihood of a military confrontation, and do not make us safer. She believes that firm diplomacy is the best path to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons and avoid war. The Iran Deal was not perfect, but the president’s decision to unilaterally abandon it was driven by political motives and it hurts our ability to hold Iran accountable. She believes the U.S. should work with the international community to ensure Iran complies with the terms of the deal and place new limits on their missile program.”​ (Jewish Insider, May 15, 2019)
   
• “Obviously Iran is a big source of concern for many reasons and in terms of — what I have concerns about is the president’s approach to it all.” (Jewish Insider, May 8, 2019)
   
• She supported the Iran nuclear deal, although she was not a senator when it was signed in 2015. (JTA, January 11, 2019)
   
• After the Trump administration pulled out of the deal, she issued the following statement: “Today’s decision to violate the Iran nuclear deal jeopardizes our national security and isolates us from our closest allies. This nuclear deal is not perfect, but it is certainly the best existing tool we have to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons and avoid a disastrous military conflict in the Middle East. As the international community and the Administration’s own national security team has confirmed multiple times, Iran remains in compliance with the deal. In the absence of an Iranian violation, it is reckless to break this agreement without presenting any plan on how to move forward. Instead of establishing a comprehensive, strategic national security policy, this Administration is far too focused on scoring political points.” (Kamala D. Harris, May 8, 2018)
   
• A spokesperson for Harris, she “would rejoin the Iran deal if the U.S. could verify Iran is not cheating and is complying with the strict requirements detailed in the agreement…. She believes we must engage in tough, forceful diplomacy to combat Iran’s destabilizing behavior in the region.” (Al-Monitor, March 19, 2019)

Anti-Semitism

• “I condemn any individuals associating with the brutal terrorist organization Hamas, which has vowed to annihilate the State of Israel and kill Jews. Pro-Hamas graffiti and rhetoric is abhorrent and we must not tolerate it in our nation….I support the right to peacefully protest, but let’s be clear: Anti-Semitism, hate and violence of any kind have no place in our nation.” (Statement by Vice President Kamala Harris, July 26, 2024)

• “As someone who’s personally prosecuted hate crime, I also believe that we cannot stand by while antisemitism, hate crime and bigotry is on the rise, whether that’s a swastika on a Jewish family and children’s services bus in San Francisco or the burning of a mosque in Tampa. No one should have to be afraid to put a menorah in their front window or on their front lawn.” (Jerusalem Post, July 12, 2019)

• “I also believe that we need to speak the truth that antisemitism is real in this country. We cannot stand by while antisemitism, hate crimes and bigotry are on the rise, this violence and hate are alarming and simply unacceptable. No one should have to worry about their children’s safety when they drop them off at the JCC.” (Comments to American Jewish Committee, June 3, 2019)
   
• Harris opposes the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions movement targeting Israel (JTA, January 11, 2019), which she said is “based on the mistaken assumption that Israel is solely to blame for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.” She believes “the BDS movement seeks to weaken Israel, but it will only isolate the nation and steer Israelis against prerequisite compromises for peace [...] I believe we should not isolate Israel, the only democracy in the region” (Jerusalem Post, July 12, 2019). Nevertheless, Harris was one of 22 Democrats who voted against the Strengthening America’s Security in the Middle East Act of 2019 (76 senators voted aye) a bill that authorizes state and local governments to demand that contractors declare they do not support boycotts of Israel or its settlements in the West Bank. She and other Democrats who opposed the bill said they did so because of their concern that it could limit Americans’ First Amendment rights. (JTA, February 7, 2019)

• Regarding anti-Semitic remarks by Rep. Ilhan Omar: “We all have a responsibility to speak out against antisemitism, Islamophobia, homophobia, transphobia, racism, and all forms of hatred and bigotry, especially as we see a spike in hate crimes in America,” she said. “But like some of my colleagues in the Congressional Black Caucus, I am concerned that the spotlight being put on Congresswoman Omar may put her at risk.” (Jerusalem Post, July 12, 2019)

Syria

• Regarding the withdrawal of U.S. troops in October 2019:

  What has happened in Syria is yet again Donald Trump selling folks out. And in this case, he sold out the Kurds, who, yes, fought with us and thousands died in our fight against ISIS.

  And let’s be clear. What Donald Trump has done, because of that phone call with Erdogan, is basically giving 10,000 ISIS fighters a “get out of jail free” card. And you know who the winner is in this? There are four: Russia, Iran, Assad, and ISIS.

  This is a crisis of Donald Trump’s making. And it is on a long list of crises of Donald Trump’s making. And that’s why dude got to go. And when I am commander-in-chief, we will stop this madness.” (Washington Post, October 16, 2019)

*AICE does not rate or endorse any candidate for political office.

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Photo: Lawrence Jackson, Public domain via Wikimedia Commons.