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Report on Human Rights Practices for 2010 - Iran

Return to: Human Rights in the Arab/Islamic World | 2009 Iran Human Rights ReportThe Islamic Republic of Iran, with a population of approximately 77 million, is a constitutional, theocratic republic in which Shia Muslim clergy, and political leaders vetted by the clergy, dominate the key power structures. Government legitimacy is based on the twin pillars of popular sovereignty--albeit restricted--and the rule of the supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution... read article

University Statements Rejecting
Divestment and the Academic Boycott of Israel

A collection of statements by American universities and academic bodies rejecting the boycott of Israel (BDS)... read article

Mauthausen-Gusen War Crimes Cases: Case No. 000-50-5-3 (USA vs. Erich Schuettauf, et al)

Defendants Defendants are all German nationals and identify themselves on read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2000--Kuwait

Kuwait is a constitutional, hereditary amirate ruled by princes (Amirs), drawn from the Al-Sabah family.  The Al-Sabahs have governed the country in consultation with prominent commercial families and other community leaders for over 200 years.  The 1962 Constitution provides for an elected national assembly and details the powers of the Government and the rights of citizens, although it also permits the Amir to suspend any or all of its provisions by decree.  Although the Amir suspended constitutional provisions from 1976-81 and from 1986-92, since the 1992 elections when the National Assembly resumed functioning, he has not taken this step... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2001 Tunisia

Tunisia is a republic dominated by a single political party. President Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali and his Constitutional Democratic Rally (RCD) party have controlled the Government, including the legislature, since 1987. This dominance was reaffirmed in an overwhelming RCD victory in the October 1999 legislative and presidential elections, the first multicandidate presidential race in the country's history. Although 1999 revisions to the Constitution allowed two opposition candidates to run against Ben Ali in presidential elections, Ben Ali won 99.44 percent of the ballots cast for President... read article

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2002 - Iran

The United States does not have an embassy in Iran. This report draws heavily on non-U.S. Government sources.The Islamic Republic of Iran was established in 1979 after a populist revolution toppled the Pahlavi monarchy. The Constitution, ratified after the revolution by popular referendum, established a theocratic republic and declared as its purpose the establishment of institutions and a society based on Islamic principles and norms. The Government is dominated by Shi'a Muslim clergy... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2020 - Israel

The 2020 State Department Report on Human Rights in Israel... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2001 Morocco

The Constitution provides for a monarchy with a Parliament and an independent judiciary; however, ultimate authority rests with the King, Mohammed VI, who presides over the Council of Ministers, appoints or approves many members of the Government, and may, at his discretion, terminate the tenure of any minister, dissolve the Parliament, call for new elections, and rule by decree... read article

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2002 - Kuwait

Kuwait is a constitutional, hereditary amirate ruled by princes (Amirs) drawn from the Al-Sabah family. The Al-Sabahs have governed in consultation with prominent commercial families and other community leaders for over 200 years. The 1962 Constitution provides for an elected National Assembly and details the powers of the Government and the rights of citizens, although the Constitution also permits the Amir to suspend any or all of its provisions by decree. Only 14.8 percent of citizens (males over the age of 21) have the right to vote... read article

Israel Studies An Anthology : The Values of the State of Israel as a Jewish and Democratic State

The Importance of the Values of a Jewish and Democratic State Despite a common misconception, Israel does have a formal constitution [1] as well as judicial review of constitutionality... read article

Execution

EXECUTION (Civil), laws concerning methods of recovering a debt.Definition and Substance of the ConceptIn Jewish law, a debt or obligation (ḥiyyuv) creates in favor of the creditor not only a personal right of action against the debtor, but also a right in rem in the form of a lien over the latter's property (termed aḥarayut nekhasim; see *Lien; Law of *Obligation). Hence, many of the laws concerning the methods of satisfying a debt out of the debtor's property also apply to the recovery of a debt with the consent of the debtor, and not merely to recovery of a debt by court action; e.g... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2005 - Iran

The Islamic Republic of Iran,* with a population of approximately 68 million, is a constitutional, theocratic republic in which Shi'a Muslim clergy dominate the key power structures. Article four of the constitution states that "All laws and regulations…shall be based on Islamic principles." Government legitimacy is based on the twin pillars of popular sovereignty (Article Six) and the rule of the Supreme Jurisconsulate (Article Five). The supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, dominated a tricameral division of power among legislative, executive, and judicial branches... read article

UN Security Council Resolutions: Resolution 2231

UN Security Resolution 2231 adopted in 2015 to place prohibitions and bans on Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile programs... read article

The Book of Yichezkel (Ezekiel): Full Text

1:1 Now it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river of Chebar, that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. 1:2 In the fifth day of the month, which was the fifth year of king Jehoiachin's captivity, 1:3 The word of the LORD came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the LORD was there upon him... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 1999--Yemen

The Republic of Yemen, comprising the former (northern) Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) and (southern) People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY), was proclaimed in 1990. Following a brief but bloody civil war in mid-1994, the country was reunified under the Sana'a-based government. Ali Abdullah Saleh is the President and leader of the General People's Congress (GPC). He was elected by the legislature to a 5-year term in 1994, and was elected to another 5-year term in the country's first nation-wide direct presidential election in September, winning 96.3 percent of the vote... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 1999--Iran

The Islamic Republic of Iran was established in 1979 after a populist revolution toppled the Pahlavi monarchy. The Constitution ratified after the revolution by popular referendum established a theocratic republic and declared as its purpose the establishment of institutions and a society based on Islamic principles and norms. The Government is dominated by Shi'a Muslim clergy. The Head of State, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, is the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution and has direct control of the armed forces, internal security forces, and the judiciary. Mohammad Khatami was elected to a 4-year term as President in a popular vote in February 1997... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2006 - Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a monarchy ruled by the Al Saud family with a population of 22.7 million, including 6.1 million foreigners. Since August 2005 King Abdullah bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud has ruled as custodian of Islam's two holiest sites in Mecca and Medina. The government bases its legitimacy in governance according to its interpretation of Islamic law (Shari'a) and the 1992 Basic Law... read article

A Psychological Analysis of Adolph Hitler His Life and Legend - Psychological Analysis and Reconstruction

The world has come to know Adolph Hitler for his insatiable greed for power, his ruthlessness, cruelty and utter lack-of feeling, his contempt for established institutions and his lack of moral restraints. In the course of relatively few years he has contrived to usurp such tremendous power that a few veiled threats, accusations or insinuations were sufficient to make the world tremble... read article

Report on Human Rights Practices for 2020 - Syria

The 2020 State Department Report on Human Rights in Syria... read article

The Geneva Peace Conference

Peace conference convened in Geneva in 1973 that brought together the UN, United States, Soviet Union, Israel, Egypt and Jordan to discuss peace... read article