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Concentration Camps: List of Major Camps

CAMP
LOCALE
TYPE
USAGE
CLOSURE
PRESENT
Auschwitz-Birkenau
Poland
Annihilation;
Forced Labor
April 1940-
January 1945
Liberation
(USSR)
Preserved (Museum)
Belzec
Poland
Annihilation
March 1942-
June 1943
Liquidation
Monument
Bergen-Belsen
Germany
Holding Center
April 1943-
April 1945
Liberation
(UK)
Graveyard
Buchenwald
Germany
Forced Labor
July 1937-
April 1945
Liberation
(USA)
Preserved (Museum)
Chelmno
Poland
Annihilation
December 1944-
April 1943;
April 1944-
January 1945
Liquidation
Monument
Dachau
Germany
Forced Labor
March 1933-
April 1945
Liberation
(USA)
Preserved (Museum)
Dora-Mittelbau
Germany
Forced Labor
September 1943-
April 1945
Liberation
(USA)
Memorial Sculpture
Flossenburg
Germany
Forced Labor
May 1938-
April 1945
Liberation
(USA)
Monument
Gross-Rosen
Poland
Forced Labor
August 1940-
February 1945
Liberation
(USSR)
Preserved (Museum)
Janowska
Ukraine
Annihilation;
Forced Labor
September 1941-
November 1943
Liquidation
Not Maintained
Kaiserwald
Latvia
Forced Labor
March 1943-
September 1944
Liquidation
Not Maintained
Majdanek
Poland
Annihilation
July 1941-
July 1944
Liberation
(USSR)
Preserved (Museum)
Mauthausen
Austria
Forced Labor
August 1938-
May 1945
Liberation
(USA)
Monument
Natzweiler-Struthof
France
Forced Labor
May 1941-
September 1944
Liquidation
Preserved
Neuengamme
Germany
Forced Labor
June 1940-
May 1945
Liberation
(UK)
Monument (Prison)
Oranienburg
Germany
Holding Center
March 1933-
March 1935
Liquidation
Not Maintained
Plaszow
Poland
Forced Labor
December 1942-
January 1945
Liquidation
Not Maintained
Ravensbruck
Germany
Forced Labor
May 1939-
April 1945
Liberation
(USSR)
Monument
Sachsenhausen
Germany
Forced Labor

July 1936-
April 1945

Liberation
(USSR)
Preserved (Museum)
Sobibor
Poland
Annihilation
May 1942-
October 1943
Liquidation
Monument
Stutthof
Poland
Forced Labor
September 1939-
May 1945
Liberation
(USSR)
Preserved (Museum)
Terezin
Czech Republic
Holding Center/Transit
November 1941-
May 1945
Liberation
(USSR)
Monument
Treblinka
Poland
Annihilation
July 1942-
November 1943
Liquidation
Monument
Westerbork
Netherlands
Transit
October 1939-
April 1945
Liberation
(Canada)
Monument

Sources: The Simon Wiesenthal Center