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Estimated Number of Jews Killed in the Final Solution

The two most reliable sources for Holocaust data are the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum and Yad Vashem. Though this is the best information available, it is based on estimates and cannot take into the unknown number of victims whose bodies were never recovered or for whom there were no records. The Nazis kept detailed records of the people who passed through the camps; nevertheless, we do not know how many Jews may still have been unaccounted for in the many places where they were murdered. In addition, as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis began to destroy their records. We also don’t know the precise number of Jews in any of these areas. The population data ranges from 1937-1941 so, for example, the countries where the figures came from 1937 may not accurately reflect the number of Jews at the time the war began. Though the two institutions have different estimates, if you average the total number of Jews each says were murdered, the result is the commonly used figure of six million.


 

  USHMM Yad Vashem
 
Pre-War Jewish Population*
Number of Jews Killed
% of Jewish Population Murdered
Pre-War Jewish population*
Number of Jews Killed
% of Jewish Population Murdered
Albania
200
Unknown
 
 
 
 
Austria
185,026
65,459
35%
185,000
50,000
27%
Belgium
90,000
24,387
27%
65,700
28,900
44%
Bulgaria
550,000
Unknown
 
50,000
0
0%
Czechoslovakia
354,000
260,000
73%
 
 
 
     Bohemia & Moravia 117,551 77,297 66% 118,310 78,150 66%
     Slovakia 90,000 60,000 67% 88,950 68,000-71,000 80%
     Sudetenland 2,363 360 15%       
Denmark
7,500
52-116
2%
7,800
60
1%
Estonia
4,500
963
21%
4,500
1,500-2,000
44%
Finland
 
 
 
2,000
7
0%
France
300,000-330,000
72,900-74,000
22%
350,000
77,320
22%
Germany
237,723
165,200
69%
566,000
134,500-141,500
25%
Great Britain - Channel Islands
 
 
 
 
3
 
Greece
71,611
58,800-65,000
91%
77,380
60,000-67,000
87%
     Thrace   4,221        
Hungary**
825,007
564,507
68%
825,000
550,000-569,000
69%
Italy
58,412
7,858
13%
44,500
7,680
17%
Latvia
93,479
70,000
75%
91,500
70,000-71,500
78%
Lithuania
153,000
130,000
85%
168,000
140,000-143,000
85%
Luxembourg
3,500-5,000
1,200
24%
3,500
1,950
20%
Netherlands
140,245
102,000
73%
140,000
100,000
71%
Norway
1,800
758
42%
1,700
762
50%
Poland
3,350,000
2,770,000-3,000,000
90%
3,300,000
2,900,000-3,000,000
90%
Romania
756,930
211,214–260,000
34%
609,000
271,000-287,000
50%
     Bessarabia and Bukovina 314,000 103,919-130,000 41%      
     Transylvania
  90,295      
 
Soviet Union
3,028,538
1,340,000
44%
3,020,000
1,000,000-1,100,000
33-36%
Yugoslavia 82,242 67,228 82% 78,000 56,200-63,300 60%
     Slovenia
1,500
1,300
87%
 
 
 
     Serbia with Banat and Sandžak 17,200 15,060 88%      
     Macedonia  7,762  6,982 90%      
     Pirot, Serbia   140        
     Albanian-annexed Kosovo 550 210 38%      
     Croatia with Dalmatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina 39,400 30,148 77%      
     Montenegro  30 28 93%      
     Backa and Baranja 16,000 13,500 84%      
 
10,431,569
5,912,526 - 6,198,676
59% 9,796,840 5,596,000-5,860,000 60%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prewar estimates for the latest year available (1937-1941). The two institutions also divided the occupied areas slightly differently.

*When a range of figures appears, the higher numbers are used to estimate percentages.

**Borders of 1941


Sources: U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Yad Vashem.