MARC CHAGALL, Vence, France. The living greatest, original and poetic visionary among the pioneers of modern art, whose glowing colours and human warmth have both a deep personal meaning and universal appeal; and ANTONI TAPIES, Barcelona, Spain. One of the most important creators of the abstract "informal" movement and a leader of the "material" painters, in whose work "matter" is transformed into a pure spiritual expression.

VLADIMIR HOROWITZ, New York, U.S.A., for his outstanding contribution to the art of musical interpretation, and especially his musicalization of pianism; OLIVIER MESSIAEN, Paris, France, for his inspired and inspiring extension of our sound world; and JOSEF TAL, Jerusalem, Israel, for his novel approach to musical structure and texture and the unfailing dramatic tension of his creations.

RALPH ERSKINE, Drottningholm, Sweden, for his fundamental contribution to contemporary architecture, based on his creative spirit, solving human problems in a highly original formal language.

EDUARDO CHILLIDA, San Sebastian, Spain. His sculpture, expressing a fruitful imagination and a practical beauty of forms, combines tradition and innovation in a contemporary guise.

JASPER JOHNS, New York, U.S.A. One of the leading and most influential figures of Pop Art in the world since its inception.

ISAAC STERN, New York, U.S.A., for his everlasting humanistic contribution to society as an artist and educator, which trascends the boundaries of musical performance; and KRZYSZTOF PENDERECKI, Krakow, Poland, for his achievements and innovations in the field of composition.

FUMIHIKO MAKI, University of Tokyo, Japan; and GIANCARLO DE CARLO, Institute of Architecture, Venice, Italy, for their work which represents the spirit of an architecture that looks to the future without renouncing the past; brings about meaningful shapes and environments without forsaking human and social aspects and responds to universal issues without neglecting regional attributes.

CLAES T. OLDENBURG, New York, U.S.A., who, over some three decades has invested prosaic objects with historic and mythical allusions. For all the simplicity of their subject matter, they are statements about metamorphosis and invite the observer to reflect upon life's processes.

ANSELM KIEFER, Buchen, W. Germany, for his epic and physically compelling paintings, in which he creates a continuum, linking current life with history and mythology.

Sir YEHUDI MENUHIN, London, U. K. One of the greatest violinists of the 20th. century, his unforgettable interpretations and humanitarian activities contributed significantly to bringing nations together through musical education; and LUCIANO BERIO, Siena, Italy, One of the greatest composers of our generation, he is also recognized and admired worldwide as interpreter, conductor, lecturer and writer whose new ideas, in an age of devaluation of human values, help to bring closer nations, cultures and generations.

FRANK O. GEHRY, Santa Monica, CA., U.S.A. Creating architecture as art and sculpture, he embodies the fight for liberation destroying dogma, principle and method; JORN UTZON, Aalsgaarde, Denmark. His architecture, rooted in deep reading of human cultures, has given shape to processes of ritual and assembly in forms of haunting presence; and Sir DENYS LASDUN, London, U. K., With architecture as a social art, he enhances the relations between people through primary architectural means that far transcend style.

BRUCE NAUMAN, Galisteo, New Mexico, U.S.A. for distinguished work as a sculptor and his extraordinary contribution to twentieth-century art.

GERHARD RICHTER, Cologne, Germany, for his vast artistic activity, which has influenced the contemporary art scene of the past three decades.

ZUBIN MEHTA , The Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, Tel Aviv, Israel, who is considered one of the the world’s foremost conductores of our time. His humanitarian contributions to bring people together through the universal language of music and his constant encouragement of young artists, are unforgettable; and GYORGY LIGETI, Hochschule fuer Musik, Hamburg, Germany, one of the most outstanding composers of the second half of the 20th century. While based on musical tradition, he has brought new ways, orginal and innovative, and created models to inspire younger generations of composers.

FREI OTTO, Leonberg, Germany, and ALDO van EYCK, Amsterdam, Holland, for their fundamental structural contributions to the advancement of contemporary architecture as a social and technical art form in the evolution of the Twentieth Century.

JAMES TURRELL, Flagstaff, Arizona, U.S.A. , for his highly individualistic imagery, which is a spiritualized synthesis of form and light in seemingly infinite space.

Not awarded

PIERRE BOULEZ, Institut de recherche et coordination acoustique/musique (IRCAM), Paris, France, being one of the most creative living personalities in the realm of music, and RICCARDO MUTI, Teatro alla Scala, Milano, Italy, as one of the most outstanding conductors of our time.

ALVARO SIZA, Porto, Portugal, for the critical relevance of his typically responsive architecture to the continual transformation of both landscape and urban fabric.

LOUISE BOURGEOIS,New York, USA, for an oeuvre, that for six decades and encompassing a remarkable range of media, has sustained aesthetic and formal innovation, intellectual complexity and contemporary relevance.

MSTISLAV ROSTROPOVICH, Paris, France, a cellist, conductor, pianist and exceptional human being, who has created a career of monumental proportions; and DANIEL BARENBOIM, State Opera House (Staatsoper unter den Linden), Berlin, Germany, and Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Chicago, USA, a person of profound musical and humanitarian commitment, who has distinguished himself as one of the great musicians of our time.