Directory of Major Concentration Camps


 


CONCENTRATION CAMP

LOCATION

TYPE OF CAMP

OPERATION

CLOSURE

PRESENT STATUS

AUSCHWITZ­ BIRKENAU

Poland

Annihilation; Forced Labor

April 1940 ­ January 1945

Liberated by USSR

Camp Preserved

BELZEC

Poland

Annihilation

March 1942 ­ June 1943

Liquidated by Germany

Monument

BERGEN­BELSEN

Germany

Holding Center

April 1943 ­ April 1945

Liberated by UK

Graveyard

BUCHENWALD

Germany

Forced Labor

July 1937 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USA

Camp preserved; Museum

CHELMNO

Poland

Annihilation

December 1944 ­ April 1943; April 1944 ­ January 1945

Liquidated by Germany

Monument

DACHAU

Germany

Forced Labor

March 1933 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USA

Camp preserved; Museum

DORA/MITTELBAU

Germany

Forced Labor

September 1943 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USA

Memorial Sculpture Plaza

FLOSSENBÜRG

Germany

Forced Labor

May 1938 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USA

Buildings; Monument

GROSS­ROSEN

Poland

Forced Labor

August 1940 ­ February 1945

Liberated by USSR

Camp Preserved; Museum

JANOWSKA

Ukraine

Forced Labor; Annihilation

September 1941 ­

November 1943


Liquidated by Germany

Not Maintained

KAISERWALD

Latvia

Forced Labor

March 1943 ­ September 1944

Liquidated by Germany

Not Maintained

MAJDANEK

Poland

Annihilation

July 1941 ­ July 1944

Liberated by USSR

Camp Preserved; Monument

MAUTHAUSEN

Austria

Forced Labor

August 1938 ­ May 1945

Liberated by USA

Buildings; Monument

NATZWEILER/

STRUTHOF


France

Forced Labor

May 1941 ­ September 1944

Liquidated by Germany

Camp Preserved

NEUENGAMME

Germany

Forced Labor

June 1940 ­ May 1945

Liberated by UK

Used as Prison; Monument

ORANIENBURG

Germany

Holding Center

March 1933 ­ March 1935

Liquidated by Germany

Not Maintained

PLASZOW

Poland

Forced Labor

December 1942 ­ January 1945

Liquidated by Germany

Not Maintained

RAVENSBRÜCK

Germany

Forced Labor

May 1939 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USSR

Buildings; Monument

SACHSENHAUSEN

Germany

Forced Labor

July 1936 ­ April 1945

Liberated by USSR

Museum; Buildings

SOBIBOR

Poland

Annihilation

May 1942 ­ October 1943

Liquidated by Germany

Monument

STUTTHOF

Poland

Forced Labor

September 1939 ­ May 1945

Liberated by USSR

Buildings; Museum

TEREZIN (THERESIENSTADT)

Czech Republic

Holding Center Transit Ghetto

November 1941 ­ May 1945

Liberated by USSR

Buildings; Monument

TREBLINKA

Poland

Annihilation

July 1942 ­ November 1943

Liquidated by Germany

Monument

WESTERBORK

Netherlands

Transit Camp

October 1939 ­ April 1945

Liberated by Canada

Monument


Source: Copyright The Simon Wiesenthal Center
9760 West Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90035